Dataset Title OPTIMISM: Network of automated buoys system providing real-time measurement of sea-ice thickness and fluxes at the interfaces in the Arctic ocean
Dataset Purpose The OPTIMISM project was launched in 2009 for 4 years. Its aim is the development and deployment of a small network of automated buoys system, built upon the “Ice-T” buoy prototype providing real-time measurements of sea-ice thickness and fluxes at the interfaces.
Dataset Abstract The “OPTIMISM” system consists of an ocean buoy to measure the physical properties of the sea and ice (currents, sea water temperature and salinity, sea ice thickness and temperature) and a meteorological mast upon it. The meteorological mast is the BEAR station concept (Budget of Energy for Arctic Region). The data provided by the instrument, together with modeling works, will be used to analyse the sea ice thickness evolution in relation with the heat exchanged with surrounding fluids. The data will also document various processes such as mixing in the ocean underneath the ice or wave-ice interactions. Instruments will be deployed in an Arctic coastal polynya, a region where dense water forms and flows at the bottom of the ocean, playing an important role in climate. The instrument will also be deployed in the multiyear ice pack to contribute to the international network of observation of the Arctic and provide ground truth measurements for the validation of satellite observations. The obtained data will also be relevant for the validation of the ESA (European Space Agency)’s Earth Explorer Cryosat-2 mission.
Acquisition Methodology Various field campaigns have been carried out since the project started, where different buoys were deployed: (1) Ny Alesund (Spitsbergen) 2010 (25/04-10/05) deploying and testing the prototype meteo mast to assess its performance under polar conditions. (2) North Pole April 2011: Ice-T deployed at Ice Camp Barneo. (3) 2012: two ice-T buoys were deployed on 9 April from Ice Camp Barneo; one ice-T Buoy deployed April 2012 close to Storfjorden polynia (Norway). (4) North Pole 2013: Two buoys were deployed near the North Pole. The complete system Ice-T buoy + Bear meteo mast was deployed nearby the Barneo  Ice Camp 50 km away from the North Pole on April 5. An Ice-T buoy was deployed exactly at the north Pole on April 7. (5) An Ice-T buoy was deployed by the NPEO team on April 7 2014 at 89°15'N on a 1.9m thick ice floe. The Ice-T was deploy nearby Victoria Hill's WARM buoy.
Quality
Dataset DOI
Access Constraints
Use Constraints
Keywords OPTIMISM, buoys, real-time, arctic ocean, sea-ice, fluxes, sea-surface interactions, atmosphere
Status In work
Temporal Coverage
Start Date 2010-04-25
Stop Date
Project 0
Project short Name OPTIMISM
Project long Name Observing processes impacting the sea ice mass balance from in situ measurements
URL http://optimism.locean-ipsl.upmc.fr/
Description The OPTIMISM project was launched in 2009 for the next 4 years. Its main objectives are to pursue the development and deploy an automated system providing real-time measurement of sea-ice thickness and heat fluxes at the ocean-ice-atmosphere interface. The OPTIMISM project is supported by the French National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche), grant ANR-09-BLAN-0227-01, and endorsed by the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS/INSU). Field experiments are supported by the French Polar Institute (IPEV), program 1015.
URL Type VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE
Contact 0
Role Investigator
Full Name Loisil Rodrigue
Email loisil@dt.insu.cnrs.fr
Phone 0033(0)145075226
Fax
Organism short Name INSU-CNRS
Organism long Name National Institute for Earth Sciences and Astronomy (CNRS)
URL http://www.insu.cnrs.fr/en
Description The National Institute for Earth Sciences and Astronomy aims to design, promote and coordinate national and international research in the fields of astronomy and of solid Earth, ocean, atmospheric and space sciences.
URL Type VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE
Address (Line1) INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange
Address (Line2)
City Paris Cedex 16
Postal Code 75794
Country France
Contact 1
Role Investigator
Full Name Vivier Frédéric
Email frederic.vivier@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr
Phone +33(0)144277077
Fax +33(0)144273805
Organism short Name LOCEAN
Organism long Name Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat Expérimentations et Approches Numériques
URL https://www.locean-ipsl.upmc.fr/
Description
URL Type VIEW PROFESSIONAL HOME PAGE
Address (Line1) LOCEAN-IPSL, Tour 45-55, 4e étage, Université Pierre et Marie Curie,
Address (Line2) 4 place Jussieu
City Paris
Postal Code 75252
Country France
Contact 2
Role Investigator
Full Name Weill Alain
Email Alain.Weill@latmos.ipsl.fr
Phone +33(0)144277272
Fax
Organism short Name LATMOS
Organism long Name Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales
URL http://www.latmos.ipsl.fr/
Description LATMOS is an associated research laboratory, created on January 1st, 2009. The research objectives of LATMOS fall into two main themes: Physics and Chemistry of Earth environment and Solar system (planets, small bodies in the solar system, solar wind) and Sun-Earth interactions.
URL Type VIEW PROFESSIONAL HOME PAGE
Address (Line1) LOCEAN-IPSL, Tour 45-46, 4e étage, Université Pierre et Marie Curie
Address (Line2) 4 place Jussieu - B 406
City Paris
Postal Code 75252
Country France
Contact 3
Role Investigator
Full Name Dechambre Monique
Email Monique.Dechambre@latmos.ipsl.fr
Phone +33(0)180285080
Fax
Organism short Name LATMOS
Organism long Name Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales
URL http://www.latmos.ipsl.fr/
Description LATMOS is an associated research laboratory, created on January 1st, 2009. The research objectives of LATMOS fall into two main themes: Physics and Chemistry of Earth environment and Solar system (planets, small bodies in the solar system, solar wind) and Sun-Earth interactions.
URL Type VIEW PROFESSIONAL HOME PAGE
Address (Line1) LATMOS-OVSQ 11 Boulevard d'Alembert-Quartier des Garennes
Address (Line2)
City Guyancourt
Postal Code 78280
Country France
Contact 4
Role Investigator
Full Name Ferrant Pierre
Email pierre.ferrant@ec-nantes.fr
Phone +33(0)240371631
Fax +33(0)240372523
Organism short Name ECN
Organism long Name Ecole Centrale de Nantes
URL http://www.ec-nantes.fr/
Description
URL Type VIEW PROFESSIONAL HOME PAGE
Address (Line1) Ecole Centrale Nantes, 1 rue de la Noe
Address (Line2)
City Nantes
Postal Code 44321
Country France
Contact 5
Role Investigator
Full Name Panel Jean-Michel
Email jean-michel.panel@meteo.fr
Phone +33(0)476637921
Fax
Organism short Name CEN-LIEN / MeteoFrance
Organism long Name Centre d’Etudes de la Neige
URL http://www.cnrm-game.fr/spip.php?rubrique85
Description
URL Type VIEW PROFESSIONAL HOME PAGE
Address (Line1) Centre d’Etudes de la Neige Bâtiment METEO-FRANCE Domaine Universitaire 1441
Address (Line2) rue de la Piscine F-, Saint Martin d’Hères,
City St-Martin d'Heres
Postal Code 38400
Country France
Parameter 0
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE/AIR TEMPERATURE
Parameter Atmospheric temperature (T)
Units degree_Celsius (°C: K @ 273.15)
Accuracy Instantaneous precision 0.15°C
Parameter 1
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION/INCOMING LONGWAVE RADIATION
Parameter Incoming longwave radiation (LW↓)
Units watts per squared meter (W/m2)
Accuracy 10%
Parameter 2
Category ICE DEPTH/THICKNESS
Parameter Sea ice thickness (sea_ice_thickness)
Units meter (m)
Accuracy 2 cm
Parameter 3
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION/SHORTWAVE RADIATION
Parameter Outgoing shortwave radiation (SW↑)
Units watts per squared meter (W/m2)
Accuracy 10%
Parameter 4
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION/SHORTWAVE RADIATION
Parameter Incoming shortwave radiation (SW↓)
Units watts per squared meter (W/m2)
Accuracy 10%
Parameter 5
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
Parameter Relative humidity (rh: Relative humidity)
Units percent (%: 0.01)
Accuracy Instantaneous precision 2%
Parameter 6
Category EARTH SCIENCE
Parameter Azimuth
Units degree (°: arc_degree)
Accuracy Instantaneous precision 5.0°
Parameter 7
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC WIND/WIND PROFILES
Parameter Wind speed
Units meters per second (m/s)
Accuracy Instantaneous wind speed precision 0,3 m/s
Parameter 8
Category EARTH SCIENCE/CRYOSPHERE/SEA ICE/SEA ICE MOTION
Parameter ice drift
Units kilometers per day (km/d)
Parameter 9
Category EARTH SCIENCE/OCEANS/SALINITY
Parameter Sea water salinity
Units practical_salinity_unit (psu: 1 g of salt (Na+Cl-) / kg)
Parameter 10
Category EARTH SCIENCE/OCEAN TEMPERATURE/SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE
Parameter sea water temperature
Units degree_Celsius (°C: K @ 273.15)
Parameter 11
Category SNOW/ICE TEMPERATURE
Parameter Sea Ice Temperature (sea_ice_temperature)
Units degree_Celsius (°C: K @ 273.15)
Accuracy 0.003°C
Parameter 12
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
Parameter Atmospheric pressure (P: air_pressure)
Units unknown
Parameter 13
Category EARTH SCIENCE/ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION/OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION
Parameter Outgoing longwave radiation (LW↑)
Units watts per squared meter (W/m2)
Accuracy 10%
Datacenter short Name
Datacenter long Name
Address (Line1)
Address (Line2)
City
Postal Code
Country
URL
Description
URL Type
Reference 0
Reference Title BEAR, une station de mesure pour l'océan Arctique
Authors Loisil R., L.Eymard, N. Amarouche, J.-M. Panel, A. Lourenço, A. Matulka, A. Weill, F. Vivier, M. Dechambre, A. Viola, A. Vitale, S. Argentini and H. Kupfer
Publication Date 2011-08-01
Series
Edition
Volume 74
Issue 0026-1181
Report_number
Publication Place
Publisher La Météorologie
Pages 23-34
ISBN
DOI
Other reference details
URL
Description
URL Type
Reference 1
Reference Title First Observations of Energy Budget and Bulk Fluxes at Ny Ålesund (Svalbard) during a 2010 Transition Period as Analyzed with the BEAR Station
Authors Weill A., L. Eymard, F. Vivier, A. Matulka, R. Loisil, N. Amarouche, J. M. Panel, A. Lourenço, A. Viola, V. Vitale, S. Argentini and H. Kupfer
Publication Date 2012-03-13
Series
Edition
Volume 2012
Issue 675820
Report_number
Publication Place
Publisher International Scholarly Research Network
Pages
ISBN
DOI 10.5402/2012/675820
Other reference details
URL
Description
URL Type
Multimedia Ice-T observations: Water temperature and salinity
Caption Ice-T observations: Water temperature and salinity
Description Sea water temperature (left) and salinity (right) along the NPEO2011 Ice-T buoy's trajectory, which was deployed near the North Pole on April 12 2011 at Ice Camp Barneo. In 3 months, Ice-T transmitted more than 8500 SMS through the iridium satellite communication system, loaded with data. The data transmission success was more than 99.9% (Source: http://optimism.locean-ipsl.upmc.fr/tiki-index.php?page=NPEO2011+Ice-T+Observations).
Distribution Format
Media
Size
Fees
Data Resolution
Latitude Resolution
Longitude Resolution
Horizontal Resolution Range
Vertical Resolution
Vertical Resolution Range
Temporal Resolution 15 min (1 minute < 1 hour) minutes
Temporal Resolution Range
Instrument 0
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name ice-T Buoy
Platform long Name Ice-Thickness buoy
Instrument short Name
Instrument long Name High-accuracy conductivity sensor
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The body placed 5m below the buoy is also equipped with a high-accuracy conductivity (salinity) and temperature sensors, which makes it possible to determine the freezing temperature of sea water, which depends on salinity, and therefore the heat available to melt the ice, knowing the in situ temperature.
Instrument 1
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name ice-T Buoy
Platform long Name Ice-Thickness buoy
Instrument short Name Pressure sensor
Instrument long Name
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The Ice-T system includes a weighting subsurface body 5m below, connected with a cable for transmission of data and energy. This body is equipped with an upward looking sonar altimeter, a pressure sensor, and an inclinometer/compass. These are designed to measure the ice keel draft and therefore the ice thickness, assuming the sea water density, ice density and snow load to be known.
Instrument 2
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name ice-T Buoy
Platform long Name Ice-Thickness buoy
Instrument short Name GPS
Instrument long Name Global Positioning System
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The surface buoy is also equipped with a GPS receiver for positioning and to estimate the ice drift.
Instrument 3
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name ice-T Buoy
Platform long Name Ice-Thickness buoy
Instrument short Name Atmospheric pressure sensor
Instrument long Name
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The surface buoy is also equipped with an atmospheric pressure sensor, which is used also for reference in the computation of ice thickness.
Instrument 4
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name ice-T Buoy
Platform long Name Ice-Thickness buoy
Instrument short Name Thermistor
Instrument long Name
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The surface buoy is equipped for satellite real-time data transmission (iridium system), includes a thermistor chain on its side to measure temperature profiles within the snow and ice layers (a thermistor is reserved for air temperature measurement), and an inclinometer to correct temperature gradients should the surface float be trapped tilted in the ice.
Instrument 5
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name BEAR meteorological mast
Platform long Name Budget of Energy for Arctic Regions (Ocean weather station)
Instrument short Name Young 05103-45 anemometer
Instrument long Name
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The Ice-T buoy will also host the BEAR mast
Instrument 6
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name BEAR meteorological mast
Platform long Name Budget of Energy for Arctic Regions (Ocean weather station)
Instrument short Name HMP155
Instrument long Name Humidity and Temperature Probe
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The Ice-T buoy will also host the BEAR mast
Instrument 7
Site Name
Location ARCTIC OCEAN
Detailed Location
Site Longitude
Site Latitude
Site Altitude
Site Depth
Platform short Name BEAR meteorological mast
Platform long Name Budget of Energy for Arctic Regions (Ocean weather station)
Instrument short Name CNR 4 NET RADIOMETERS
Instrument long Name
Instrument Longitude
Instrument Latitude
Network Lons/Lats (Format : lon0 lat0, Lon1 Lat1, ...)
Instrument Altitude
Instrument Depth
Instrument Description The Ice-T buoy will also host the BEAR mast
Spatial Coverage
Southern latitude 76 degrees
Northern latitude 90 degrees
Western longitude -180 degrees
Eastern longitude 180 degrees
Minimum Altitude 0 m
Maximum Altitude 2 m
Minimum depth 0 m
Maximum depth 5 m
Paleo Temporal Coverage
Paleo Start Date
Paleo Stop Date
Eon
Era
Period
Epoch
Stage